Writing Business Letters 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Writing Business Letters 1 - Essay Example Though the situation posed an ethical dilemma to the judges and might have been viewed as a set of a wrong precedent, the judge decision was appropriate and mandated by the circumstances. Moreover, ones right should not be infringed to protect another as in the case of Jodie right. The ruling by the judge to defend the right of life of Jodie is ethical even though it caused termination to the life of Mary. The decision of the judge had no violation to the law because even without conducting the surgery, Mary would still not survive (The Guardian, n.d). The attorney General conclusion to protect the judges from conviction and criticism further considered the need to remain objective while making the rulings. Mary would still die even without having the surgery and thus decision to protect Jodie right is prudent. Finally, protection of the weaker should not be taken to authorize the violation of the dominant one. Though the submissions of the catholic church, pro-life and the parents had some essence, the judges went ahead to reaffirm to them that the decision does not make killing lawful and gave a comprehensive explanation to their decision (The Guardian, n.d). By so doing, the judges acted ethically and made their ultimate decision without completely disregarding the voices of all the parties. The opponents of the decision should therefore remain open minded and be cognizant of the unique circumstances. The judge’s decision is therefore supported and all parties should appreciate the ruling that saved a life. " A right to life, but not to stay alive | UK news | The Guardian ." Latest US news, world news, sport and comment from the Guardian | guardiannews.com | The Guardian . N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Apr. 2012.

What is the current status of clinical gene therapy trials for Chronic Essay

What is the current status of clinical gene therapy trials for Chronic Granulomatous Disorder - Essay Example ests that the disease is present in ‘one in 250,000’ infants at birth, but the symptoms become evident only when the child reaches a few months of age (Assari 2006: 6). Only 21% of patients have survived the disease beyond the age of 7 previously, whereas the recent trends show improvement in the survival rates because of the ‘advancement in treatments’ (Assari 2006: 6). On the other hand, the disease can rarely occur in adults, and therefore, if someone has the problem of ‘recurrent infections’, it will be advisable to subject such individuals to an evaluation, irrespective of the age factor (Chung, Cyr & Ellis 2013: 2). Gene therapy, which is the intervention in a disease or disorder through introducing genes into the affected cells to set right the impacts of ‘specific gene mutations’, is one of the methods used in the treatment of CGD (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). However, evidence suggests that in order for the treatment to be effective, the appropriate gene will have to be incorporated into the target cell ‘specifically, efficiently and stably’ (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). On the other hand, it is also necessary to use the most appropriate vector for the introduction of the gene or gene delivery into the human cell. Research studies have identified lentiviral vectors (LVs) to be one of the effective and the ‘most widely used’ vectors in gene therapy (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). A study conducted by Assari (2006: 6) on mice found that gene therapy, using recombinant retroviral vectors, is an effective treatment for the reconstruction of normal neutrophils an d in building ‘resistance to pathogens’ such as Aspergillus. The author also contends that gene therapy, using retroviral vectors in two humans, has produced ‘encouraging results’ where both of them have attained remarkable levels of gene corrected cells and their clinical conditions show good improvement (Assari 2006: 6). Studies further substantiate the fact that gene

Post-Coloniale Theory_Gender Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Post-Coloniale Theory_Gender - Essay Example This is not to say that he did not suffer the suppression of body, mind and spirit under alien masters or being an alien in his own country, as did millions of others before him. To imitate a popular statement: You can take colonialism out of a colony but you can not take a colony (of people) out of colonialism! Fanon was born in the French colony of Martinique, French Antilles in the Caribbean. Creole is the language of this colony and black, the colour of his skin. Under the French administration, Martinicians were born and brought up as Frenchmen or Frenchwomen. This superimposition of a European culture on an African community in the Caribbean islands formed the background to the evolution of Fanon’s thinking and writings1. Formally trained as a psychiatrist and a philosopher, he was an original thinker, Marxist revolutionary and writer on suppressive aspects of colonialism and propounded his views in his seminal works, most important of which are â€Å"Black Skin, White Masks† (1952) and â€Å"The Wretched of the Earth† (1961). Through these writings and other works, Fanon has helped us understand colonialism as more than the exercise of political and economic power, but as a psychological process. We shall analyse this argument in the light of his cultural moorings, his works and his revolutionary interpretations. The word colonialism has its origins in the mid-14th century Roman word ‘colonye’, a settlement, an outpost or occupied lands outside the Roman city states.2 ‘Colonialism’ is a 19th century concept of social, political and economic policy towards ‘occupied lands’ under the British imperialism. During the 15th and 16th centuries, European nations experienced renaissance of art, literature, music and drama even as Christianity and the church confronted the State to capture and control the minds of the people. The sea-faring

Managing People and Change Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing People and Change - Case Study Example These reforms included having a financial budgeting that was strict. The job specifications were revised. Fund holding was also reintroduced by the Blair government. The Blair government emphasized outsourcing of medical services. (Rudolf, 2006) Research shows that the medical staff are demoralised since the Blair government came to power. This is because of the NHS redundancies and staff cuts. The NHS has encountered problems since the initiation of the Blair reforms. This is in relation to IT innovations and incorporation into the organization. The National Programme for IT was though to be the worlds largest. This project had conflicts with programme contractors and the Blair government. The estimated budgets for this program kept on rising from 2.3 billion to 30 billion. (David, 1989) The National Health Service Act was passed in the year 1946. It was implemented in the year 1948. Nigel Lawson described it as a national religion. The services in the NHS are free of charge. After the World War II there were great reforms which were initiated by William Beveridge. Large sums of money were used by the NHS in funding. During the 1980s there was the reformation of the management processes in NHS. This organization had tough strains in financing until the year 1987. During this year the government provided 101 million for use in NHS. There are various NHS agencies such as NICE and SIGN. (Allyson, 2004) Improvement agencies role in health sector used to implement changes in NHS The role of the modernization agencies is to give assistance to the local clinicians. They help in the redesigning of the local services in the health sector. They ensure that the health sector provides services that are patient oriented. They also provide clinical governance services to the health sector. Modernization agencies help in leadership development in the health sector. They ensure that there is the improvement of the services that are given to patients and other customers in the health. There is provision of a regulatory oversight that is independent. (DoH, 1997) Improvement agencies have helped in implementing various changes in the NHS. These include ensuring that the length of waiting time for the patients is greatly reduced through variations in the discharging of the patients. The admission process of the patients is also changed. The patients follow up has been changed such that it is only done when necessary. There is the reduction of the queue numbers such that patient access to the services is greatly improved. (DoH, 1999) Care & Repair England This health improvement agency established with an objective of meeting the health needs of older and disabled citizens. Its roles are; to act as agents of service users in the health sector. It also provides the necessary policy framework for the other agencies within the mandate offered by the department of health. (Rampton, 2003) Organisational change models used by improvement organizations NIATx process improvement model This process model is based on some key principles which entail; involving and understanding the customer, fixing key challenges for the chief executives, picking powerful change leaders, adopting rapid-cycle testing procedures and obtaining ideas from partners outside the organizational field. (Burnes, 2004) Penn State improvement model

A written reprimand on a manager that does not have managerial skills Essay

A written reprimand on a manager that does not have managerial skills with her employees. and has no commucation skills, and a drinking problem - Essay Example The firm considers this issue a health problem and we are offering to help you pay for a rehabilitation program with normal salary and benefits until completion of the program. â€Å"Since alcohol affects many organs in the body, long term excessive drinking puts a problem drinker at risks for developing serious health problems† (Alcoholics-info). There are other issues not concerned with health and image that are affecting your performance as a manager. Your past employee evaluation revealed that you lack a lot of important managerial skills to do your job well. Some important managerial skills include observation, monitor employee performance, analytical abilities, good decision making, technical report writing skills, the ability to conduct research, and communication skills. (White, 2011). The written reports you have submitted to the company serve as empirical evidence of your inability to write using proper grammar and spelling. A manager is expected to have excellent written communication skills. We strongly encourage that you enroll in a technical report writing course as soon as possible to fix this problem. Another skill deficiency we have identified is your poor research skills. A recent report you submitted did not include any references to support your claims. You must remember that research takes time and you must read first lots of newspapers, journal articles, and databases as part of the research process. A third de ficiency that concerned the company that is imperative for you to perform your job well is your verbal communication ability. Effective communication occurs when the intended meaning equals the perceive meaning (Schermerhorn & Hunt & Osborn, 2003, pg. 339). The company has received multiple complaints from employees concerning your communication abilities. Several employees claim that you never listen to them and you make decisions without considering their input. As a manager

Financial Reporting Problem Essay Example for Free

Financial Reporting Problem Essay Abstract In this paper we will discuss Walmart’s Balance sheet and Income Statement. We will analyze the company’s total assets at the end of the most recent annual reporting year and to why it is important. We then will talk about the company’s total assets, how much cash and cash equivalents did the company have, as well as, the amount of accounts payable at the most recent year, and from the previous year. What the company’s net revenues are from the last three annual reporting periods, the change in dollars in the company’s net income from the most recent annual reporting period to the previous annual reporting period. We will talk about the company’s total assets at the end of the most recent year and the previous year from the annual reporting period. Lastly, we will discuss as to what information that has been obtained within this paper that would be important to a potential investor, employee and so forth. Financial Reporting Problem, Part 1 Total Assets The total assets for Wal-Mart as of January 31, 2013 were $203,105,000. The reason this is important for a company or business to know, is so the business can have a better understanding of how much the company is worth. Knowing how much a company is worth is beneficial because the assets can be used as collateral for a loan. Also knowing the assets and comparing total assets to previous years can show if a company is growing and expanding or shrinking. For Wal-Mart, the comparison from the previous year shows that the total assets increased. As of January 31, 2012 the company showed total assets of $193,406,000. With the comparison from January 31, 2012 to the current figure from January 31, 2013 Wal-Mart grew and/or expanded in total assets by 9,699,000. Cash and Cash Equivalent The total cash and cash equivalent for the end of the year for Wal-Mart as of January 31, 2013 is 7,781,000. Knowing the total cash and cash equivalent will help the company to know how much the company has to spend. No organization has the intention of spending more money then what the company has available. If a company has very low cash or cash equivalent then the company will need to consider if a loan is needed. In consideration for a loan total expenses needs to be considered. If a company like Wal-Mart has enough cash to pay all expenses then a loan isnt needed, but if the expense exceeds the cash then a loan is needed. Also another factor to consider on getting a loan is if the money coming into the company will be enough to pay the loan back. Accounts Payable The accounts payable for the end of the most recent annual reporting period that ended January 31, 2013 is 1,061,000. Knowing the accounts payable helps a company to know one of the companies expenses. This is important because if the companies accounts payable are higher than the money coming in, that could be a problem for the business. Comparing to previous years accounts payable can show many different problems or benefits for the business. Net Revenues Walmart Inc. net revenues from the last three annual reporting periods are as follows; On January 31st, 2011 in the amount of $421,849,000. On January 31st, 2012 the net revenues were; $446,950,000 and on January 31st, 2013 it totaled to the amount of $469,162,000. From looking at the reports Walmart Inc. has had an increased from 2011 to 2012 in the amount of $25,101,000 and from 2012 to 2013 has increased to $22,212,000. Net Revenue helps account for certain price reductions, adjustments and refunds. This is necessary to get the general measure of the real top line rather than the bottom line. Net Income Looking at Walmart’s income statement from the net income of 2013 on January 31st it totaled in $16,999,000. The change from 2012 and 2013 is a increase in $1,300,000. The net income from 2012 is $15,699,000. From looking at the statement and seeing that there is a loss due to nonredeemable and redeemable non-controlling interest the company has lost net income by 16,998,000 within 2013 but in 2012 only had a 609,000 difference, and in 2011 had a 1,289,000 difference from 2013. When it comes to Net Income it is closely followed and play a huge role in ratio analysis. Shareholders take a close look at the net income due to their compensation of the company. If a business is not generating enough profit, the values of shares fall. It is important to know that net income does not measure to how much cash a company has earned during a given period. Change in Dollars of Net Income The change in dollars of Walmart’s net income from 2013 is 16,999,000 and from 2012 it is only a million dollar difference of 15,999,000. Total Assets in Recent Year from Annual Reporting Wal-Mart has reported its accounting period for fiscal year 2013; accounting period ends on January 31st of each year. Wal-Mart’s current total of assets as of fiscal year 2013 is $203,105,000.00. Wal-Mart continues to grow in consecutive years with an average increase in assets of $10,000,000 dollars a year for the past five years. The earnings per share have increased 10.6 percent increasing their shares to $5.02. The company has made earnings in addition of $22 billion make it a $ 466 billion dollar corporation. It is with no doubt that the success of the corporation continues on the rise. The corporation owns 4,000 locations in the United States alone adding $10 billion alone in net sales. Further from generating income and investing in growth and assets Wal-Mart has always researched and invested in ways to reduce expenses and operating costs. Strategies such as training front line and middle managers in operating cost reductions and implementing sales and inventory syste ms have greatly reduced operating costs in the current successful years. Total Assets from Previous Annual Report In fiscal year 2012, Wal-Mart had a total of earning of $15.8 billion  with a closing total of net sales of $443.9 billion. Since 1992 Wal-Mart has made and increased a total net worth of sales of $400 billion dollars. The corporation strategy for 2012 was to continue to invest in growth and re-enforce in what separates them from their competitors, their low incomparable low merchandise prices. A very unique idea that required greater investments and growth was that of creating a merchandise corporation to the public that provided a one stop be all shopping store. The corporation concentrated in providing its customers a broad assortment of merchandise which provided customers in a sense a time saving tool in a high tempo life style generation. Wal-Mart’s obvious and epic success of how effective and efficient their corporation strategies are. In addition Wal-Mart continues to re-invest in its online market and expanding its online strategy. Important Information Wal-Mart received a total of $332 million in common stock in the year of 2013 alone. In 2012 Wal-Mart returned dividends to its investors worth $60 billion in shares. A high number of their investors are Wal-Mart associates averaging an increased percentage of stocks by the yearly. A yearly accounting period of accounting provides the corporation’s accounting state which in return provides transparency to its current investors and a corporate overview of potential new investors. Internally Wal-Mart benefits from these reports in projecting new investments. Strategic Management can influence how much can be reinvested while at the same time have oversight of how expenses, employee and associate management, and operating costs have to be considered before any over spending incurs. Overall an accounting report is essentially the backbone of a corporation. The accounting structure requires having a solid foundation in a corporation in order to have a successful business. Accountin g is the measurement of how much a business fails or it is successful. References http://c46b2bcc0db5865f5a76-91c2ff8eba65983a1c33d367b8503d02.r78.cf2.rackcdn.com/88/2d/4fdf67184a359fdef07b1c3f4732/2013-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221024708579502.pdf

Business background and overview of Nestle

Business background and overview of Nestle The Nestle is almost 140 years old company providing the vast variety of the products across the world. The company as it is very old and senior in its category have its roots in almost every country across the world. Nestle is very famous nutrition and food products company it is very vast as far as their products are concerned. In UK is also have a very much reputation and reorganization of its brands are good enough. The employment in the UK of Nestle company is almost 7,000 at the various sites across the country. The Nestle has almost 6,000 different brands which are across the globe showing the reputation and appreciation of its products and brands worldwide. The quality of the product is the symbol of the organizations commitment to build a product with care and dedication. It is a universal fact that it is the quality which retains a company in the market. Nestle always kept in mind this principle because it knows very well that customers have no tolerance for the quality of product. Nestle efforts are to maintain highly customer satisfaction products. The Company implements a system approach that insure products of highly quality. It time to time integrated its system of manufacturing producing quality products. In its research system that data is entered by the researches to visualize the quality of product. Previous researches conducted by the company shows that when quality is produced with fixed cost, a high quality form like Nestle can undercut its rivals pricess and may find it profitable to invest more on quality according to market size. This is the reason that Nestle has been remained concentrated despite market growth. In the recent years Nestle products which are produced with fixed cost, the average quality of produces increases with marke t size and the market does not fragment as it grows large. In the global markets only those products are survived which are batter in quality and in competitive pricess. The Nestle always keeps in view that market trends and international quality standards are maintained. Nestle receives a great response from the investors because of its highly reputed products and quality management. As a result of its highly fame products its market size increased manifold. Its relationship strengthens between product quality and market size. Whereas outcome of a relationship between product quality and market size familiarity of the products. In this report we examined all aspects of the nestle products. Nestle Standards The nestle quality standards ensures its products acceptance and believe of the consumers in the product. The wide range of the supply of the Nestle products through out the world is presently working as the standards of the quality are maintained by the Nestle Product management team. Quality Assurance The quality means the purity in the product manufacturing by applying the applicable and necessary tools/ techniques which is good for health. The quality ensures the first step of product popularity as the purity/quality of the product is most likely to appreciate by the consumers. The quality of the products ensures the following. popularity of the product Acceptance of the product by the consumers. Health and environmental health factors are satisfied Build organization reputation in the market Gives tough competition to the competitors Nestle has come to realize that current economic down term and keen market competition it is not easy to attract customers without maintaining product quality. Other competitors of Nestle under estimates the enormous significance of seeking and recognizing consumers view and opinions regarding product improvements and service quality besides pricing managements. Nestle given importance the areas focuses on consumers perceptions of product and service quality as well as the product prize. Nestle used to study the data which is collected through the use of questionnaires, personal interviews, observations and data obtained from the market. The Need for the Change The need for the change in any of the company or organization is very much on the cards and necessary for any of the organization to keep itself at the high standards and up to date presentation and working of the company. The quality control is a process to ensure a level of acceptable quality of product. The department of quality control of Nestle keeps a closed watch to maintain the quality according to international standards. The quality control department needs to be changed time to time to get the latest equipments available for the process of quality assurance of the products t various stages of its production. The various products of Nestle go thorough the complex process after many laboratory examination and tests. Quality control involves the examination of product at various levels and after passing all the stages it is approved to be marketed. The Nestle knows very well that it is not possible for a single one but it is the collective responsibility of entire team. The Nestle engaged a team of professionals who work hard to maintain the quality of nestle products. The team work needs to be developed in the workable environment to gain the goal at the neutral grounds. The goal of quality control team of Nestle is to identify the products which do not meet specific standards of quality. The products of the Nestle need the proper advertisement and its presentation in front of the target market to get the appreciation from the market. The change in the policy of the advertisement of the various products is becoming more necessary and vital for the product appreciation and acceptance towards the customers. The change in the management policies and the employment enrollment process is also needs a revision in the company. The cultural and the race difference should be eliminated and the equal opportunity employment should be needed to be structuralized in the organization. Identification for the change If we are looking for the positive change in the organization and making the performance of the organization more and more better. The first step towards this is to create a team which identifies the various areas and spots on which the positive changes can be made and implementation of such changes are logical and applicable for the company. The identification of the changes requirement of the company at various levels is very much inevitable to create the understanding the future of the company and the future of the strategy of the company in the short and the long term basis. The identification can be made possible by making the proper evaluation process and analysis of the history of the various products selling and the future expected demands and trends of the organizations various products and brands in the international market. The change is not only the requirement in the development and the strategies of the brands and the products of the company it is also necessary in the management, employment and in the workforce of the company. The identification of the change in any organization requires the following steps to be taken The evaluation of the brands strategy and acceptance among the consumers The evaluation of the employment satisfaction and performance inside the organization. The evaluation of the consumer management relationship and its outcomes. The analyzing of all the evaluation data and figuring out the malfunctioning parts and brands of the organization Making a effective proposal for the elimination of the problems and the implantation strategy presentation. the possible ways to get the solutions of the ongoing problems and threats that can cause the damages to the origination Areas and Techniques/Methods for Evaluation The company management can adopt various methods and tools to analyze and evaluate its different areas for e.g. they can evaluate brands, consumer management relationship, employment satisfaction and performance etc. Areas Business Environment The analyzing the business environment is very much necessary for the organization. The Nestle maintain the good business environment however the changes according to the passing of time are also on the cards and should be taken time to time to maintain the healthy business environment. Management Performance The management has multi-dimensional responsibilities and should present the sense of responsibility to perform their duties with full commitment and dedication. However the management done their part in the companys work performance and done with responsibility but the evaluation of the performance of the management of the organization is also very important as they should might be fully committed but should be committed enough to meet the needs of the organization in the long run. Employees Participation The employees participation in the change and n the acceptance of the changes is also a big thing to worry about, they are the one which I reality implement the change in any origination. The employment of the organization should be well aware and prepared to accept and implement the change in the origination to get the full participation of the organization. Product Marketing And Delivery The product marketing and delivery is also a very key issue to discuss if we discuss the changes and need to be made the changes in the organization. The review in the marketing and the marketing strategy of the various products should also be a part of the change. Product Appreciation The evaluation form the customers will make the company analyze the appreciation of the product among the consumers of the products especially when the company is launching the new products the customers evaluation should be taken in account as a priority in evaluation. Employment Satisfaction The employment satisfaction to the new changes adopted and the expected changes to be adopted in the future should be analyzed and studied. The evaluation from the employment of the organization is good enough to get the view that the employment of the company is indented to the change or satisfied from this kind of the change or not. Methods: Evaluation Performas: The evaluation Performas are made to get the customers opinion for a particular product and there should be another for the employment that either they need the changes if yes which areas they require changes. This is the best source of getting the direct evaluation from the customers or the employment of the company at a short period of time. Product profit/loss ratio: The product acceptance in the market will get a good business for the company and gives the profit if not so it gives the loss. The analyzing the statistical reports on the profit or loss of the particular products individually will enable the management of the company to make an opinion that the product is doing well enough for the company or not. Market trend: The market trends should also be analyzed by the management of the company to make any decision for the brand or a product. Consumer Behavior: The consumer behavior is the also very must effective stimulus for the change strategy of any organization the consumers are those which can cause the changes in the products and branding of the organization. Diagnostic Change After the brief identification and getting the clear picture of the needs for the changes in the organization the very next step of the management is to diagnose the strategy an effective strategy that can be adopted in the future for the implementation of the changes in the organization. Change Management Process To maintain the quality of the product the Nestle Change management team follows proper outline provided by the Nestle Company. The process involves the following steps Analyzing the available resources of Raw Material. The change management team analyses the different available resources from where the raw material can be collected and utilized in the product manufacturing. The Analyses is done by the team of experts which apply different tools/techniques to test. The quality of the raw material in available resources. The best and purest resources are selected to manufacture a product. Collecting methods for Raw Material The selection of method of collection of new material is as important as the decision to select a source of raw material. The collection of product raw material is done with proper care and by utilizing hygiene tools/ Techniques to make the product look good taste good and it should also be good for health also. Product Manufacturing The product manufacturing is also a very vital and key factor for the quality of the product. The quality of the product can be affected if not manufactured under the good and hygiene standards of the products. The Nestle Company has adopted the applicable methods followed by tools/techniques for the product manufacturing. The product is pure as come under the manufacturing process and the process is designed in such a way that it maintains the quality and purity is assured at the outmost and prime objective. Product Packing The product after manufacturing process is passed to the consumers for the purpose to maintain the quality of the product the packing of the product is done in standard packing which can insure that the quality can be maintained over a large period of time. The packing of product by Nestle is done in such high standard that when its products are used by the consumers the quality standards are maintained and build the image of the Nestle product in the eyes of the Consumers Specially food products are packed in such a way that there are no slide chances of Damage of Nutrition. Implementating A Change The implementation of the change in the organization is very important and the implementation of the change needs a well defined and organized strategy which brings the changes in the organization. The implementation should be done through best available resources and methods and techniques. Criticism on the Change Although the changes in the organization brings many positive developments and progress for the organization but it can face different type of the criticism at various levels by the customers as well as from the employment of the organization. The customers will record or show their criticism if they are not likely to accept the changes in the brands, products or the other options provided by the organization. The employment might also criticize the change in the organization if they are not use to implement such changes which they thought might not be good for them and the organization. Strength Nestle Tries its best to provide the products to there consumers keeping in view the total Change management ethics. Followings are the Strengths of Its products The High Quality and Purity of the Products. The Standard packing and high product image in the market. Competitive quality products in the market. Manageable pricess of the products. Weaknesses It is said there is always remains space for the betterment so Nestle Products always needs improvement with regard to quality and pricing. Following are the Weaknesses of the Nestle Products. Nestle Products are high priced as compare to other companies products. The cost of packing sometimes incurred higher then the product. Quality costs high and it becomes difficult for the company to compete in the market. The prices of standard products changed the consumer behavior. Opportunities The Good will of the company attracted the consumers. A wide range of the product captured the market Standard of the products is pleasing the consumer and changing their preferences. Attractive packing is providing health competition. Packing is hygienically very suitable to maintain quality. Threats Expansion of the market is a major threat to maintain demand and supply. High prices of raw material will effect the cost the products Nestle has expanded the net work in other countries so administrative costs will increase. Storage and supply will effect the market Conclusion The change is what which is required and necessary everywhere in the world and the change for the betterment or the apace for the betterment is always available. Nestle makes packing decisions keeping in view the following reasons Protection of Product -Due to expand marked of Nestle; International standard packaging is used to protect the product from damaging during transportation and minimizing spoilage. Customer protection -A visible packaging design is used to attract customers. This is also important for customers who are not well-known with the Nestle Product. The Nestle tries its best to make its products prominent among thousands of other products of other companies. For which its packaging designs stand out more likely to be remembered future shopping. Value added packaging -Though packing designs and structure and value of the product but benefits can be obtained from the package structure as it make the product easier to use where as stylistic designs catch more attraction of the customers. And looks beautiful in display in the stores as well as at home. Distribution Beautiful and attractive packaging attracts the customers and facilitate the storing. Pricing Affect packaging can influence a significant of a product selling price. It is experienced that some time cost of some product increased to 40% of a product selling price yet people do not mind to purchase owing to high standard maintained quality. However smart packaging minimizes the actual price. Research and Development department of Nestle continuously conduct surveys and research to improve the quality of products and its packaging. Thats why the company develops the revised packaging time to time according to the wishes of its consumers and desires of market. Whenever the company creates a new package it is most often with the intension of having the design on the market for an extended period of time. As changing packaging design for a short period can have negative effects as compare to long term. In order to locate the product and may not confused in the altered design. Recommendations By analyzing the facts and the history of the organization we can recommend the following The change management strategy of the origination should be reviewed and restructured The management and the customers relationship should be built by different scenarios. The new opportunities for the employment and the product launching are required but the management change in terms of organizational behavior is important. The advertisement of the products should be launched with the new strategies and promotional strategies should be developed.